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M.A/M.Sc. (Final)
GEOGRAPHY
1- Paper-1 : Regional Geography of India 100 marks
2- Paper-2 : Regional Planning and Development 100 marks
3- Paper-3 : Population Geography 100 marks
4- Paper-4 : Any one of the following papers 100 marks
(a) Political Geography
(b) Cultural Geography
(c) Remote Sensing Techniques
(d) Urban Geography
(e) Advanced Cartography
5- Paper-5 practicals 100 marks
Survey and Field training report
PAPER-1 REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
Course Contents:
Unit-1 : Basis of Regionalization : geo-political, climatic, agro-climatic, physicographic, historical, demographic , socio-economic dimensions, of regionalization, case studies.
Unit-2 : Macro-Regions: genesis and changing profile ; Indian federalism : a synoptic view; natural and human resources and resources utilization , Population development interface. Policies and Programmes.
Unit-3 : Meso-Regions : bases of regionalization , physical and human resources, economic and interlinkages, population development environment interface, policies Programmes.
Unit-4 : Micro-Regions : bases of regionalization ; physical, human and economic resources; formal and functional linkages; Population- development, environment nexus; policies and programmes.
Unit-5 : Case-study of meso/micro level regions in detail
Indo-gangetic plain, Jharkhand , Delhi Metropolitan region, Bundelkhand, Regions and regional development, Environmental issues in regional development and planning.
Books : 1. R.L singh .India-A Rgional Geography m National Geographical Society, India , Varanasi 1971.
PAPER-2 : REGIONAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
Course Contents :
Unit-1 : Regional concept in Geography, conceptual and theoretical framework , merits, and limitations for application to regional planning and development , changing concept of the region from an inter-disciplinary view-point, concept of space, area and locational attributes.
Types of regions:- Formal and functional; uniform and nodal, single purpose and composite region, in the context of planning ; regional hierarchy special purpose regions.
Unit-2 : Physical regions, resource regions, regional divisions according to variation in levels of socio-economic development; special purpose regions-river valley regions, metropolitan regions, problem regions- hilly regions, tribal regions, regions of drought and floods.
Unit-3 : Approaches to delineation of different types of regions and their utility in planning.
Planning Process- sectoral, temporal and spatial dimensions ; short-term and long term perspectives of planning . Planning for a region/Es development and multi-regional planning in a national context. Indicators of development and their data sources, measuring levels of regional development and disparities-case study of India .
Unit-4 : Regional development strategies-concentration vs. dispersal, case studies for plans of developed and developing countries, Regional plans of India .
Unit-5 : Concept of Multi-level planning decentralised planning ; peoples participation in the planning process; panchayati Raj system ; role and relationship of Panchayati Raj Institutions ( Village Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad ) and administrative structure ( village , block and district, Regional development in India-Problems and prospects.
PAPER-3 POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
Course Contents:
Unit-1 : Population Geography : Meaning, scope and Objectives; development of Population Geography, Population geography and Demography- sources of population data, their level of reliability, and problems of mapping of population data.
Unit-2 : Population distribution: density and growth-theoretical issues; Classical and modern theories in population distribution and growth; world patterns and their determinants; India -: population distribution density and growth profile, Concepts of under population and over population .
Unit-3 : Population composition : age ,and sex; literacy and education , religion, cast and tribes, rural and urban ; occupational structure; gender issues; population composition of India.
Unit-4 : Population dynamics : Measurements of fertility and mortality. Migration; national and International patterns; India's Population dynamics.
Unit-5 : Population and development population- resource regions and levels of population and socio-economic development ; population policies in developed and less developed countries; Human Development Index and its components; India's Population policies , population and environment; for the future.
PAPER-4 (a) POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY
Course Contents ;
Unit-1 : Nature, scope, subject matter and recent development in political geography , approaches to study; Major pett schools thought,
Unit-2 : Geography - Elements and the State. Physical Elements; Human elements; Economic elements; political geography and environment interfam.
Unit-3 : Themes in Political Geography : state, Nation, Nation-State and Nation-building, Frortiers and boundaries, Colonialism, decolonization Neocolonialism, Federalism and other form of governance. The changing patterns of World Powers Perspectives on core-periphery concept , Conflicts and cooperation.
Unit-4 : Geopolitical significance of Indian Ocean , Political geography of SAARC Region, south-east asia , west asia , east asia.
Unit-5 : Political geography of contemporary India , India with special reference to ; the changing political map of India, Unity , diversity : centripetal and centrifugal forces : stability & instability: Interstate issue (Like water disputes & riparian claims) and conflict in resolutions insurgency in border states; Emergency of New States Federal India Unity in Diversity.
Books : 1- R.D Dikshit , Political Geography
2- B.L Sukhwal . Modern political geography of India
PAPER - 4 (b) CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY
Course Contents :
Unit-1 : Introduction : Nature and scope of cultural geography; Definition, cultural element and components of culture; convergence and divergence processes ; cultural changes; perception behaviouralism and cultural relativsm.
Unit-2 : Cultural Diversity : Bases of cultural diversity- race religion and language. cultural diversity in world , cultural diversity and regionalization in India .
Unit-3 : Geography of ethic groups and tribal groups Religion and its diffusion ; diffusion of ethnic traits in world as well as in India f; ethnic Landscape and economy of the area; Diffusion in folk geography ; Religions origin m diffusion and spatial distribution: religion & economic development.
Unit-4 : Patterns of livelihood : various economics activities & cultural adaptations; agriculture, industrialization and modernization ; technological changes and their geographic implications .
Unit-5 : Human settlements : Relation to ideology, social structure and technology, social structure and technology, pattern of rural & urban society , social processes in the city, the city in the developing countries.
PAPER - 4 (c) REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES
Course Contents :
Unit-1 : Historical development or remote sensing as a technology- Relevance of remote sensing in Geography-concepts and basics ; Energy source energy and radiation principles, energy interaction in the atmospheare and earth surface features, remote sensing systems; platforms, sensors and radiation , records.
Unit-2 : Air photos and Photogrammetry : Elements of photographic system; types, scales and group coverage, resolution, radiometric characteristics films, filters, aerial cameras , film exposures, geometric , fundamentals of photogrammetry elements of vertical photographs, relief displacement image parallax, streoscopic , orthophotos airphoto , interperetation : shape, size , pattern , tone, texture shadows, site.
Unit-3 : Satellite Remote Sensing : platform landsatspot , Ooaaavharr, Radarsat, Irs, Insat principles and geometry of scanners and CCD arrays orbital characteristics and data pruducts- MMS ,TM, LISS 1 & 2 , SPTPLA & MLA, SLAR,
Unit-4 : Image Processing ; types of imagery, techniques of visual interpretation, ground verification , transfer of interpreted thematic information to base maps-digital processing ; rectification and restoration , image enhancement- contrast manipulation, classification ; supervised and unsupervised , post- classification analysis and accuracy assesment , microwave sensing : Interpretation of SLAR imageries, elements of passive microwave sensing.
Unit-5 : Applications : Air photo and image interpretations and mapping land use and land cover, land evaluation , urban landuse , landform and its processes , weather studies and studies of water resources integration of Remote Sensing and GIS - remote sensing and hazard management, remote sensing and environment.
PAPER-4 (d) URBAN GEOGRAPHY
Course Contents :
Unit-1 : Nature and scope of urban geography , different approaches and recent trends in urban geography; attributes of urban places during ancient, medieval and modern period; origin and growth of urban settlements: bases and process of urbanization and development , classification of urban settlement on the basis of size and function ; urban systems; urban growth and theories. Central Place theory of christaller and Losch; Theories of Peroux and Boudeville: contribution of Indian scholars to the studies of urban settlements.
Unit-2 : Urban economic base; basic and Non-basic functions , input - output models, concept of dualism : colonial and postcolonial structure , metropolitan city and changing urban function : role of informal sector in urban economy.
Unit-3 : Organization of urban space : urban morphology and landuse structure ; city core commercial m industrial and residential areas , cores-country variation ; city - region relations, modern urban landscape: morphology of urban settlements and its comparison with western urban settlements; urban expansion , umlan and periphery.
Unit-4 : Contemporary urban issues ; urban poverty , urban renewal , urban sprawl, slums, transportation , housing, urban infrastructure , urban finance ; environmental population ;air, water , noise, solid waste, urban crime, issues of environmental health.
Unit-5 : Issues, perspectives and policies on population and Human settlements. Interface between human settlements and environment.
PAPER-4 (e) ADVANCE CARTOGRAPHY
Course Contents:
Unit-1 : Introduction - Trends in the development cartographic techniques for descriptive, analytical and prescriptive aspects in the use of maps.
Unit-2: Thematic Cartography-Physical :
1- Assessment of land quality by using different attributes in the evolution of land form and measuring their association and spatial differentiation .
2- Land based resource and cover and land use .
Unit-3 : Thematic cartography - Socio -economic data sources and techniques of analysis of socio-economic data through the preparation of single purpose composite maps.
Unit-4 : Creation of spatial database and application using GIS, Remote sensing and Computer Cartography .
Unit-5 : Regional Synthesis and characterization of the observed spatial patterns for predictive purposes . Prepartion of spatial models, cartography for environmental education and planning.
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